Glob@s
From Medialab Prado
Descripción del proyecto / Descripction of the project
Se propone construir un dispositivo casero y barato que ayude a l@s ciudadan@s intersad@s a recoger datos sobre la presencia de contaminantes del aire de forma independiente de las instituciones. El dispositivo es un aparato flotante, un globo, que puede ser colocado a distintas alturas y en distintos lugares; lleva colgada una caja con un kit para la detección de la presencia de gases en el aire. El aparato es independiente desde un punto de vista energético, ya que está alimentado por una celda solar. Glob@s puede detectar la presencia de distintos gases (monóxido de nitrógeno, dióxido de carbono, metano..etc.) dependiendo de los tipos de gas sensor que lleve y, a la vez, puede indicar la altura a la que se encuentra. Los datos relativos a gases y altura son enviados por vía inalámbrica a un ordenador. Se plantea también elaborar una forma de representación de la información proporcionada por el dispositivo que sea comprensible y aprovechable por grupos de niñ@s.
Este proyecto surge de una colaboración anterior con el proyecto In The Air de Nerea Calvillo, desarrollado en el Taller Visualizar'08 en Medialab-Prado.
Colegios y escuelas primarias en Centro Arganzuela Chamberi Salamanca_
en relacion a las estaciones de detección de gases
Documentación (gráficos, fotos y vídeos) / Documentation (graphics, pictures and videos)
Poster
Building a Sollar Balloon
Helium Ballons + Arduino
Prototype for data visualization
The Pulley
We build a pulley to adjust the height of the balloon.
The Helium Ballonn + Devices
Tecnologías y herramientas / Technologies and tools
The GPS module for Arduino is a small electronic circuit that allows to connect to your Arduino board to get position and altitude, as well as speed, date and time on UTC (Universal Time Coordinated). It uses the standard NMEA protocol (www.nmea.org) to transmit the position data via serial port.
Gas sensors
figaro tsg2600 DATASHEET
Gas sensor shop
Instructions on connecting Gas Sensors to the arduino
Instructions on connecting Figaro TSG 2600
Design and construction of the ballon
The initial idea was to build a solar balloon, but the conditions of the weather in Madrid not helped. The solar balloons are built with black trash bags, and the air inside the balloon is heated by solar radiation to provide lift. The ideal conditions for flight are: cold, sun and no wind.
Do you wanna know how to make a sollar hot air balloon? Get it here
As there were no conditions for the flight, we opted for the use of helium balloon. The helium balloons operates in accordance with law of buoyancy. Helium is lighter than air, so the balloon floats. (1 helium balloon lifts 6,25g)
Do you wanna know more about Helim ballons? Get it here
Prototype for data visualization (espanõl)
The proposal was to develop an interface for children, choosing symbolic forms of pollutants and through animations represent their consequences on the environment.
The color of the background of the images varies according to a international chromatic air quality scale and therefore the main reference of the data collected by sensors in real time:
Green – Good
Yellow – Moderate
Orange – Unhealthy for sensitive groups
Red – Unhealthy
Purple – Very Unhealthy
Brown – Harzadous
In a next step, one method will be developed "Game Modality" of this interface, where children can interact with images by adding or subtracting elements of the environment (such as cars, trees, buildings, factories ,...) that react in real time to their actions. This way they can realize through a simulation how their actions affect the environment, and what they can do to improve it.
Another proposal is the development of different interfaces to the data representation, working in interdisciplinary content and different levels of learning. The potential for work in teaching this content goes beyond the issues related to pollutants, addressing historical, geographical, demographic, economic, among others issues.
Glob@s can be a starting point for interactive, real-time and integrated through the web plataform for reflection and analysis of how our actions and behavior interfere so directly in the air we breathe.
The data on the pollutants were extracted from In the Air.
Carbon Monoxide
General Information: Carbon Monoxide (CO) is an uncoloured gas that is non-odorous, inflammable and highly toxic. It is known for domestic accidents related to gas heating and is partially responsible for the greenhouse effect. In natural areas a typical CO level is 0.1ppm, in urban areas of intense traffic it can reach 100ppm - 1000 times higher.
Emissions: Carbon monoxide (CO) is produced from the combustion of gas, oil, kerosene, carbon, petrol and wood. Traffic is responsible for 91% of the CO emissions. Beyond killng trees and destroying their capacity to produce oxygen, forsest fires produce high quantities of this gas.
- Health Issues
Pregnant Woman Beware: Carbon Monoxide (CO) can harm an unborn child.
If you feel dizzy or have a headache: This can arise from exposure to levels of 100ppm of CO.
Permanent Damage: Extended exposure can damage the nervous system, the heart and vision.
- Actions
Reduce traffic: Use public transportation, walk or bike.
Deforestation for fire control: Prevents against extensive Carbon Monoxide (CO) emissions due to forest fires
Revise your heating system!
Ozone
General Information: Oxidizing Properties: Ozone (O3) is an uncoloured gas that, in higher layers of the atmosphere protects the earth from solar radiation. Close to earth concentrated O3 is a pollutant.
Emissions: 68% of sulfur dioxide is produced by boilers and domestic heating, 17% is produced by vehicular emissions.
- Health Issues
Oxidizing Properties: Ozone (O3) is an uncoloured gas that, in higher layers of the atmosphere protects the earth from solar radiation. Close to earth concentrated O3 is a pollutant.
- Actions
Carpool and reduce vehicular travel!
Limit use of oil-based paints and solvents and fume-producing household products!
Instructions on building the Electronics and Hardware'
Progress
Feb 6. 2009
What Works So Far:
- 1.Arduino's communicate with each other over a XBEE Radio Network.
- 2.Solar Panels Power Arduino
- 3.Voltage Changes on the Arduino indicating that it works and reads some values
- 4.The Baloons Work
But...
- 1. Will the Baloons hold the weight?
- 2. How do the sensor readings translate to accurate pollutant readings(How do we translate the voltage changes on the pins of the arduino to PPM)
- 3. The Data is not very Dynamic, how does this translate to visualizations-If we're building these visualizations for children, How do you deal with the impatience of a child.
Any Suggestions?
- --Is it Better to convert the Data to XML.
- --Speed consideration Vs. Ideological Considerations-Should we stick to Open Source or use Php/Flash
- --Do we get rid of the Laptop for the Prototype
- --Should we use Pachube
Other Concerns
Suggestion About Calibrations of sensors
En resumen, para calibrar el sensor lo que habría que hacer es establecer una curva de calibración que está definida por unos parámetros.
He encontrado una hoja técnica que explica el proceso, ahi va. Resumo un poco lo que entendí
- Lo primero es saber como estimar la Rs a partir de la lectura de Vout. La expresión está en la página 2
- La figura 4 dibuja la sensitividad relativa Rs/Ro, Ro (es la resistencia del sensor en aire limpio) en condiciones estandar. Así, con aire limpio la lectura es constante igual a 1.
- Entonces, Rs/Ro es el valor crucial para caracterizar un contaminante.
- Ya para calibrar, hay que tomar dos lecturas
V1: Sampling voltage for gas detection
V3: Sampling voltage for reference voltage (una medida de referencia estable)
a. Para calcular la resistencia del sensor: ƒ(Rs) = ( 5 - V1 ) / V1
b. Para compensar temperatura (si está disponible):
KTemp = Rs/Ro, where
Rs = actual sensor resistance in various conditions
Ro = actual sensor resistance under standard conditions
y asi
ƒ(Rs①) = ƒ(Rs) / KTemp (Rs con la compensación)
Pero entiendo que no es crucial en el aire realizarla. Aunque no estoy seguro
c. Normalizacion ƒ(Rref) = ( 5 - V3 ) / V3 y compensación
ƒ(Rs②) = ƒ(Rs①) / ƒ(Rref)
Luego, para calibrarlo correctamente, ƒ(Rs②) se debe igualar a 1.0 en la concentración deseada. Es decir, variando los valores de V3 ajustando VRadj (que supongo que es un potenciómetro).
d. Se calcula la pendiente α con los valores de dos concentraciones diferentes . Está incluida la ecuación también.
e. Se Usa la pendiente para estimar la concentración de CO
C = 100 x ƒ(Rs②)1/α
Bueno espero que esto sea útil, puede que sea un rollo al principio pero no es tan difícil, es básicamente (sino me equivoco!! ) establecer dos f(Rs) para concentraciones diferentes y con eso determinar la curva
Ya me dices qué tal , y estaré revisando el mail para lo que sea
un abrazo
juan
CSIC grupo de bioingeniería
Autor del proyecto / Project's Author
Colaboradores / Collaborators
Sandra Fernandez
Nerea Calvillo
Virginia Gámez
Juan Camilo Moreno
Enlaces / Links
References
Neighbourhood by Miriel Miliecevich
Feral robotic dog by N. Jeremijenko
Related Link:
